Friday, 23 June 2023

Tentative Building Profiles : Speculative landing sites of surface, image and texts

 5

Procedural Architecture

Reading Collage : Spatial Drawings/Documents/Analogue Photography

Dialogic learning is learning that takes place through dialogue. It is typically the result of egalitarian dialogue; in other words, the consequence of a dialogue in which different people provide arguments based on validity claims and not on power claims.


Jana Sterbak

Remote Control 1989

A Hut of One's Own, Ann Cline

Texts,Annotations, Foundations, Pathways, Corridors, Bookmarks, Walking, Thinking, Ramble, Cross Country, Disciplines,












VITRINES : Art Spaces/interiors/interventions. 

Anselm Kiefer :

In the Annenberg Courtyard
Velimir Khlebnikov: Fates of Nations: The New Theory of War
Anselm Kiefer often dedicates his works to intriguing figures of the past, be they poets or philosophers. This piece is one of a number of works emerging from Kiefer’s ongoing exploration of the Russian Futurist avant-garde writer, theorist and absurdist Velimir Khlebnikov (1885-1922).

After years of study, Khlebnikov concluded that a major sea battle took place every 317 years, or multiples thereof. Kiefer celebrates this heroic and ludicrous activity with a work that is both monument and anti-monument. Measuring almost 17 metres in total and consisting of two large glass vitrines, Kiefer creates a transparent, reflective sea-scape in three dimensions that calls to mind the Romantic sublime of painters from JMW Turner to Caspar David Friedrich. Kiefer uses the frames of the vitrines to stage a mysterious drama, in which viewers, seeing each other and their own reflections, become participants.


Start by thinking of architecture as a tentative constructing toward a holding in place. Architecture's holding in place occurs within and as part of a prevailing atmospheric condition that others routinely call biosphere but which we, feeling the need to stress its dynamic nature, have renamed bioscleave.

Architectural Body

Madeline Gins and Arakawa


Working Notes/Holding in Place


Wayfinding/Movements through accumulated research

Running scripts, enactments, instances, involvements

Collaborative texts, complexity, emergent, discursive 


From The Bookcase to The Field Table : Landing Sites of Inquiry



Camouflage

Neil Leach

For Benjamin, the twentieth century is an age of alienation. Human beings are no longer 'cocooned' within their dwelling spaces. Architectural spaces are no longer reflections of the human spirit. Something has been lost.

Mimesis, 19.


New Concepts of Architecture

Existence, Space and Architecture

Christian Norberg-Schulz

A child 'concretizes' its existential space.


A Philosophy of Emptiness

Gay Watson

Artistic Emptiness

Everything flows, nothing remains.

Heraclitus


Rethinking Architecture

Neil Leach

Figure 1, Sketch by Jacques Derrida for Choral Work project. 343

Foucault, Figure 2 Bentham's Panopticon (1791). 360

Page laid in, The Atrocity Exhibition by J. G. Ballard, new revised edition,annotations, commentary, illustrations and photos.


Tracing Eisaenman

Plenum, juxtaposed to form/haptic values/body absences

Robert Mangold

Between moments of 'meaning' lie spaces or blanks of immediate experience. Such blanks are actuality. Usually the blank, the actuality, goes unnoticed because it works so efficiently to differentiate one meaningful event from another. Kubler discussed this in The Shape of Time.


Interactions of the Abstract Body

Josiah McElheny

Object Lesson/Heuristic Device

The term 'heuristic' is understood here to denote a method of addressing and solving problems that draws not on logic but on experience, learning and testing. In this regard stories and fictional narratives can be heuristic devices in acting as ideal models that are not to be emulated but which help to situate characters, actions and objects.


Space Between People

Degrees of virtualization

Mario Gerosa


Adaptive Architectural Design

Device-Apparatus

Place

Function

Adaptation

The second phase of project activity acknowledges that the proposal involves two sites; the landscape of settlement and the artifice of the factory. The design is intended to be a reflection of the conditions of each, so there was a need to work directly with the manufacturing process, at full scale, as early as possible. This would provide an immediate counterpoint to the earlier representations and a necessary part of exploring the manufacturing medium in the context of architectural design. 69


Building The Drawing

The Illegal Architect

Immaterial Architecture

Mark Cousins suggests that the discipline of architecture is weak because it involves not just objects but relations between subjects and objects. And if the discipline of architecture is weak, then so, too, is the practice of architects. Architecture must be immaterial and spatially porous, as well as solid and stable where necessary, and so should be the practice of architects.

Jonathan Hill

Index of immaterial architectures


Herzog and De Meuron

Natural History

Exhibiting Herzog and De Meuron

We are not out to fill the exhibition space in the usual manner and to adorn it with records of our architectonic work. Exhibitions of that kind just bore us, since their didactic value would be conveying false information regarding our architecture. People imagine that they can follow the process, from the sketch to the final, photographed work, but in reality nothing has really been understood, all that has happened is that records of an architectural reality have been added together.


My studio is a piece of architecture that is silent. The things of which it is made say all and at the same time nothing. Its strength lies in its demanding silence. A stern silence in order to permit works to occur. I imagine that a painting by Newman could be hung there.


The arrival of Beuys in a world that was gradually falling asleep amidst minimalism generated a kind of confusion that was truly excellent for opening up the mind. Comfort vanished, driven away by subversive complexity.


Speculative architecture

On the aesthetics of Herzog and De Meuron


Without opposition nothing is revealed,

no image appears in a clear mirror

if one side is not darkened

Jacob Bohme, De tribus principii (1619)


Reflections on a photographic medium

Memorial to the Unknown Photographer

Thomas Ruff's Newspaper Photos

Valeria Liebermann


Working Collages

Karl Blossfeldt


Anti Object

We are composed of matter and live in the midst of matter. Our objective should not be to renounce matter, but to search for a form of matter other than objects. What that form is called architecture, gardens, technology is not important. 

Kengo Kuma



Thursday, 22 June 2023

Spatial Forms to gather/interact with discursive research.

Structural Modalities/Making/Tensions : 

Spatial Forms to gather/interact with discursive research.










5
Procedural Architecture

Start by thinking of architecture as a tentative constructing toward a holding in place. Architecture's holding in place occurs within and as part of a prevailing atmospheric condition that others routinely call biosphere but which we, feeling the need to stress its dynamic nature, have renamed bioscleave.
Architectural Body
Madeline Gins and Arakawa

Working Notes/Holding in Place
Entanglement of Matter and Meaning

Intertwining Metamorphoses
Germano Celant
Giuseppe Penone

Diffractions : Differences, Contingencies, and Entanglements That Matter
Meeting The Universe Halfway
Quantum physics and the entanglement of matter and meaning
Karen Barad

Art and Technics
Lewis Mumford

James Turrell
Aten Reign
Miwon Kwon

Under The Volcano
Carmen Gimenez

Kees Goudzwaard
Assemblage
Pinholes and Dust
Grisaille
Transparent Body

Robert Mangold
Column Structure Paintings

Frank Stella Architecture
Architecture as a means towards creating space

The Optical Unconscious
To throw its net over the whole of the external world in order to enter it into consciousness. To think it
Rosalind Krauss

Postproduction
Nicolas Bourriaud


Body
Personal Relations
Spatial Values
Yi-Fu Tuan


Wayfinding/Movements through accumulated research
Running scripts, enactments, instances, involvements
Collaborative texts, complexity, emergent, discursive 

From The Bookcase to The Field Table : Landing Sites of Inquiry


Camouflage
Neil Leach
For Benjamin, the twentieth century is an age of alienation. Human beings are no longer 'cocooned' within their dwelling spaces. Architectural spaces are no longer reflections of the human spirit. Something has been lost.
Mimesis, 19.

New Concepts of Architecture
Existence, Space and Architecture
Christian Norberg-Schulz
A child 'concretizes' its existential space.

A Philosophy of Emptiness
Gay Watson
Artistic Emptiness
Everything flows, nothing remains.
Heraclitus

Rethinking Architecture
Neil Leach
Figure 1, Sketch by Jacques Derrida for Choral Work project. 343
Foucault, Figure 2 Bentham's Panopticon (1791). 360
Page laid in, The Atrocity Exhibition by J. G. Ballard, new revised edition, annotations, commentary, illustrations and photos.

Tracing Eisaenman
Plenum, juxtaposed to form/haptic values/body absences
Robert Mangold
Between moments of 'meaning' lie spaces or blanks of immediate experience. Such blanks are actuality. Usually the blank, the actuality, goes unnoticed because it works so efficiently to differentiate one meaningful event from another. Kubler discussed this in The Shape of Time.
Interactions of the Abstract Body
Josiah McElheny
Object Lesson/Heuristic Device
The term 'heuristic' is understood here to denote a method of addressing and solving problems that draws not on logic but on experience, learning and testing. In this regard stories and fictional narratives can be heuristic devices in acting as ideal models that are not to be emulated but which help to situate characters, actions and objects.

Space Between People
Degrees of virtualization
Mario Gerosa

Adaptive Architectural Design
Device-Apparatus
Place
Function
Adaptation
The second phase of project activity acknowledges that the proposal involves two sites; the landscape of settlement and the artifice of the factory. The design is intended to be a reflection of the conditions of each, so there was a need to work directly with the manufacturing process, at full scale, as early as possible. This would provide an immediate counterpoint to the earlier representations and a necessary part of exploring the manufacturing medium in the context of architectural design. 69

Building The Drawing
The Illegal Architect
Immaterial Architecture
Mark Cousins suggests that the discipline of architecture is weak because it involves not just objects but relations between subjects and objects. And if the discipline of architecture is weak, then so, too, is the practice of architects. Architecture must be immaterial and spatially porous, as well as solid and stable where necessary, and so should be the practice of architects.
Jonathan Hill
Index of immaterial architectures

Herzog and De Meuron
Natural History
Exhibiting Herzog and De Meuron
We are not out to fill the exhibition space in the usual manner and to adorn it with records of our architectonic work. Exhibitions of that kind just bore us, since their didactic value would be conveying false information regarding our architecture. People imagine that they can follow the process, from the sketch to the final, photographed work, but in reality nothing has really been understood, all that has happened is that records of an architectural reality have been added together.

My studio is a piece of architecture that is silent. The things of which it is made say all and at the same time nothing. Its strength lies in its demanding silence. A stern silence in order to permit works to occur. I imagine that a painting by Newman could be hung there.

The arrival of Beuys in a world that was gradually falling asleep amidst minimalism generated a kind of confusion that was truly excellent for opening up the mind. Comfort vanished, driven away by subversive complexity.

Speculative architecture
On the aesthetics of Herzog and De Meuron

Without opposition nothing is revealed,
no image appears in a clear mirror
if one side is not darkened
Jacob Bohme, De tribus principii (1619)

Reflections on a photographic medium
Memorial to the Unknown Photographer
Thomas Ruff's Newspaper Photos
Valeria Liebermann

Working Collages
Karl Blossfeldt

Sensing Spaces/Architecture Reimagined
Royal Academy of Arts

Anti Object
We are composed of matter and live in the midst of matter. Our objective should not be to renounce matter, but to search for a form of matter other than objects. What that form is called architecture, gardens, technology is not important. 
Kengo Kuma

Body and Perception
The Phenomenon Of Place
Places at the Zero Point
The Box Man
Furnishing the Primitive Hut
An Architecture of the Seven Senses

Walter Pichler
Architect/Sculptor

The Thinking Hand 
Existential and Embodied Wisdom in Architecture
Encounters
Architectural Essays
Identity, Intimacy and Domicile
Notes on the phenomenology of home
The Architecture of Image/Existential Space in Cinema
Lived space in Architecture and cinema
The Eyes Of The Skin/Architecture and the Senses
Juhani Pallasmaa

Atlas of Emotion
Journeys in Art, Architecture and Film
Giuliana Bruno

Questions Of Perception
Phenomenology Of Architecture
Steven Holl
Juhani Pallasmaa
Alberto Perez-Gomez

Materials and Meaning in Architecture 
Essays on the Bodily Experience of Buildings
Nathaniel Coleman


Matter and Desire
An Erotic Ecology
Andreas Weber


Visualizing Feeling
Affect and the feminine avant-garde
Susan Best

Making/Anthropology, Archaeology/Art and Architecture
Being Alive/Essays On Movement
Knowledge and Description
Tim Ingold

Thinking Through Craft
Glenn Adamson

The Ceramic Process
A manual and source of inspiration for ceramic art and design
European Ceramic Work Centre

A Hut Of One's Own
Ann Cline

Smithson, Alison and Peter
Solar Pavilion
Architecture is not made with the brain
Architectural Association

The Kunsthaus Bregenz as an Architecture of Art
The Conditioning of Perception
Multiplicity and Memory
Hortus Conclusus
Thinking Architecture
Peter Zumthor

Re-Shaping Learning
A Critical Reader
The Future of Learning Spaces in Post-Compulsory Education
Anne Boddington, Jos Boys

Hiding, Making, Showing, Creation
The Studio from Turner to Tacita Dean
Rachel Esner

Conversations With Strangers
Performing the broom and the bricoleur
Malcolm Doidge


Corpus
The Ground of the Image
Jean-Luc Nancy

Life Between Buildings/Parking Day Manifesto

Poststructuralism, a very short introduction

Mapping Intermediality in Performance/Intermedia Chart
Sarah Bay-Cheng

Liminality, a psychological, neurological, or metaphysical subjective, conscious state of being on the 'threshold' of or between two different existential planes.

Heidegger for Architects/Emotions Building Presence 
Adam Sharr

The Visual Poetics of Jannis Kounellis
Suzanne Cotter, Andrew Nairne

Carlo Scarpa
Craft Intensive/Spaces, Vistas
Technical specifications of materials

Site-Specific Art/Tschumi, Robert Morris, Robert Smithson, Giuseppe Penone
Performance, Place and Documentation/Material Affects, Frames, Site, Spaces
What is the relationship between the visual arts and 'performativity'?
Nick Kaye

Wittgenstein, The Duty of Genius
Oren Lieberman/Spatial Practices/What does it Do?
These remarks show the unmistakable influence of Schopenhauer. In the World as Will and Representation, Schopenhauer discusses, in a remarkably similar way, a form of contemplation in which we relinquish 'the ordinary way of considering things', and 'no longer consider the where, the when, the why, and the whither in things, but simply the what. 143

 


Pictorial Matter : Cyanotype Process and Conceptual Affinities


Surronding Objects
Material Supports
Perceptions from absence
Silence as an audible presence
Traces from the phenomenology of time
Vibrant Matter

P3228227a : Engineering Blueprint on Watercolour Paper.
Slumped glass panel " evolved " from a head gasket (Hillman Imp) and a note recording failing compression readings.

Drawing and Assemblage : Cyanotype process on watercolour paper with lead profiles.

Terrestrial Movements  : #2  Solar Spore.

Space For Peace : Winchester Cathedral.















Wednesday, 21 June 2023

The Process Of Drawing Is Left Visible.

 Outpost 270323


The Process Of Drawing Is Left Visible.

On Drawing, John Berger.










Raveningham.

Garden/Ground/Circulation Diagrams.


Notes appropriated from 


The Scripted Drawing.

Social conditioning underpinning education.

Cultivation Field.

Spatial Registers/Spatialities/Ideologies between consciousness and social existence.

Collaged Activities/Inquiry


Boundaries/in the making between the personal and the commonly shared.

A space where the individuals mental reality meets cultural narratives.



Frames of Consciousness.

Stencils/Templates/Windows/Intermediaries.

Double Occupancy/Discourses and Events.


The Confessional Metaphor.

Jean-Jacques Rousseau.








Corpus.

The Individual/Birth to Presence.

Jean-Luc Nancy.



Circulation Diagram.

Architectural Programming.


The Shower Room.

The Changing Room.

The Life Drawing Room.

The Darkroom.



Mobile Architecture/Event Architecture.





Further Figuring It Out.


Maussion's very choice of the nude recalls the most classic of strategies within the tradition of easel painting, but as we have seen it is one mediated by the mechanical effects of photography and the distance of memory.

William Jeffrett, 1995.

Charles Maussion. SCVA/UEA Norwich.



Life Drawing/The Contested Sociological Subject/Corporeal Gaze.

Drawing as an extended method of seeing and of recording experience.

Drawing From Life as Ideas and Process.


We have schooled ourselves to see, by acquiring the capacity to depict ourselves.


The human body, drawings/depictions seen through concentrations of our personal/private selves.




Alberto Giacometti. 1901-1966.

Standing Nude, 1955.

Sainsbury Centre, UEA Norwich.


The body as the instrument of our emotions and our sensuality. 


In all its starkness this figure is a most sensitive and complicated mechanism. The naked human is seen as a symbol of existence achieved through observation of painful acuteness.


Herbert Boeckl. 1894-1966.


All Boeckl's life-drawings are distinguished by a strong physical presence. He is truly concerned with interpreting life in terms of human bodies, of the beauty of functioning muscle and bone and with the tactile aspects of flesh, as well as the knowledge of what lies beneath it. His nudes speak a physical language. He uses charcoal as a technical means to best achieve lucidity.


Boeckl is not concerned with 'beauty of line' as his predecessors Klimt and Schiele were, he always sees the body in the context of space and draws 'from within'. He builds up his figures from a structural core, the surface of his forms take on a strongly moulded, modelled aspect through a great economy of means.


Naked to Nude, Life Drawing in the Twentieth Century.

Georg Eisler. 1977. 


Rendering sensuality in everyday occurrences.

Drawings as concepts, forms of thought/seeing.


Ambient light and shadows over architectural surfaces.

Blurring the conventional distinction between the figure and the ground.


Life Drawing and the psychology of nakedness.

The practical and theoretical problems of confronting/drawing the human form.


Drawings from life contain a sense of physical presence, of a functioning logic.




Monday, 19 June 2023

Anthropological Settings : Drawings/Photograms and Intermediaries

 











Found Objects : Archaeological Photogram

When you make photograms, without the use of a camera, you can indeed call that abstract photography, as the lens and the corresponding registration medium are lacking. No longer do you have pictures of reality or objects; you only have their shadows. It is a bit like Plato’s cave, where one could only imagine reality; the objects themselves were not visible.

Thomas Ruff

Archipelagic : Solar Drawing/Circumpolar Star Chart

Sociological Gathering : Winchester Cathedral/Space For Peace

Blueprints : Anthropological Forms/Botanical traces with leper graves



Sunday, 18 June 2023

Spatial Diffractions : Architectures of Exclusion

 Outpost 280922








Peripheral Vision : Relationality.


Categories and things may make it easier for us to grasp reality, but they also hide its underlying complexities.

Robert Cooper, 2005.


Developing a constitutive nature within practices.


Qualitative Reseachers.


Entangled practices are productive, and who and what are excluded through these entangled practices matter, different intra-actions produce different phenomena.


It is in and through an understanding of these entangled practices presented by Barad that we can begin to understand how diffractive readings can help us in our work as qualitative reseachers to produce knowledge differently.


Interactions Matter.

Spatial Agency.


Walking 

Wayfinding in the City.


Thinking intra-actively.


Thinking with Barad's intra-action helps us fashion an approach that re-inserts the material into the process of analysis. It is a reclaiming of the material absent in its modernist limitations. It is the work of Karen Barad and other named as 'new materialists, or material feminists' to ask how our intra-action with other bodies (both human and nonhuman) produce subjectivities and performative enactments.


Such questioning shifts our thinking away from how performative speech acts or repetitive bodily actions produce subjectivity, but also how subjectivity can be understood as a set of linkages and connections with other things and other bodies, both human and nonhuman.


The Discursive Text/Material.


Phenomenology is interested in the now, what we see, how we perceive, and how those perceptions shape or come the world that is constitutive both of our environment and us.


The Keatsian concept of negative capability, that of being with uncertainty, of seeking to transcend and revise contexts, to reject constraints and open up dialogue as a throughfare for all thoughts, to ask questions and develop empathy.

John Keats 1795-1821.


Local artists and writers respond to the University of Winchester's

Magdalen Hill Archaeological Research Project.


On-site, co-directors Dr Simon Roffey and Dr Phil Marter talk about process.


A negative, destructive archaeology of taking away, of context sheets for a cut (negative) or a deposit (positive): how the processes are physical and sensory as well as interpretative, how their work is forensic, piecing together, visceral, more instinct than intellect, tactile and haptic, sculptural, revealing, never final, and as much an art as a science.


The Parallel Visions of Artists and Archaeologists.  


The artist's role here is to bring their own kind of knowledge setting aside logic and reason, to use the imagination and senses, to express through body and mind, the self, the messiness and uncertainty evoked by these material traces, mystery and wonder.

Colin Renfrew, Figuring It Out, 2003.


Spatial Diffractions in Interior Design.


A final diffraction is to think about how the office space itself creates a diffraction.


The office door, the opening, the threshold, can be viewed as the place through which waves pass, creating a diffraction.


This diffraction passes both ways: in inviting those who enter and those who fail to enter.


This opening further serves to reconstitute the office door as a threshold to be crossed, or as a threshold that welcomes. One invites, the other excludes.


We presented examples of how Sera and Cassandra were produced differently through intra-actions with office space, other bodies, clothing, and furniture, and similarly how their entanglement with these material fixtures resulted in a mutual constitution of the material and discursive.


It is through an enactment of a diffractive analysis and a re-thinking of our relationship to/with data, and to/with the material in our research sites, that we see much productive potential for research methodologists.



Project Spaces/Presentations.


Diagrams, maps and charts are all a symbolic depiction that emphasises mapping relationships.


Keywords: Agency, Spatial Agency, Practice, Making, Architectural Body,Relational Movements,Outreach, Urban Walking, Interactions, Cultivation Field,  Foraging, Finding, Gathering, Harvesting, Organism, Person, Environment, Anthropology, Archaeology, Art, 

Friday, 16 June 2023

Beyond Hylomorphism/Improvisatory Practices : Making/Spatial Agency and Social Spaces Through Building

MAKING
TIM INGOLD

THE MATERIALS OF LIFE
Consciousness, materials, image, object : the diagram


I want to think of making, instead, as a process of growth. This is to place the maker from the outset as a participant in amongst a world of active materials. These materials are what he has to work with, and in the process of making he ‘joins forces’ with them, bringing them together or splitting them apart, synthesising and distilling, in anticipation  of what might emerge.  The maker's ambitions,  in  this understanding, are altogether more humble than those implied by the hylomorphic model. Far from standing aloof, imposing his designs on a world that is ready and waiting to receive them, the most he can do is to intervene in worldly processes that arc already going on, and which give rise to the forms of the living world that we see all around us — in plants and animals, in waves of water, snow and sand, in rocks and clouds - adding his own impetus to the forces and energies in play. The difference between a marble statue and a rock formation such as a stalagmite, for example, is not that one has been made and the other not The difference is only this: that at some point in the formative history of this lump of marble, first a quarryman appeared on the scene who, with much force and with die assistance of hammers and wedges, wrested it from the bedrock, after which a sculptor set to work with a chisel in order, as he might put it, to release the form from the stone.















Volumes and Environments : Chromaphilia/Translucency
















Thursday, 15 June 2023

Immaterial Architectures : Organizing Structures/Making Metaphysical Space

Architectural Surface : Constructional Forms in Glass
Organizing Structures : Artist Notebook, Body/Landscape

Christopher Wilmarth ; Poetics/Duality of Light and gravity
Other Architecture
Constructing Metaphysical Space

Wilmarth's art reveals his essential concern with the mystical and physical properties of light, especially the ways in which light evokes reverie and generates sensations of space and containment.

The Architecture of Natural Light : Henry Plummer

EVANESCENCE
Orchestration of light to mutate through time

Intensity and integrity of Wilmarth's practice/vision.

PROCESSION
Choreography of light/moving eye

VEILS OF GLASS
Refraction of light/diaphanous film

Wilmarth made possibly his strongest, most beautiful works on paper, exploring a new level of expression while retaining continuity with past work.

ATOMIZATION
Sifting of light/through a porous screen

These drawings also contain allusions to the human presence. Their haunting, foreboding quality is prefigured in the grave, austere tones of some of the glass and steel structures.

CANALIZATION
Channelling of light/through a hollow mass

The duality of light and shadow and contrasts between abstraction and representation continue to be central concerns in his final drawings.

ATMOSPHERIC SILENCE
Suffusion of light with a unified mood

Wilmarth's sculptures from the early 1980's are influenced by the poetry of Stephane Mallarme.To affirm Mallarme's emphasis on the spiritual, the artist used a simple ovoid form, evoking a multitude of symbols, including the human head. These ovoids were made of blown glass, which Wilmarth viewed as "frozen breath". The artist pursued this figurative impulse into the mid 1980s, combining the anthropomorphic ovoid shapes with the larger abstract forms of his earlier sculpture.

LUMINESCENCE
Materialization of light in physical matter

Wilmarth composed with planes of delicate colour and light, placing plates of blackened steel behind translucent sheets of etched glass imbued with a luminous, greenish cast.

"He employed a painterly technique that emphasized the tactility and fichness of his materials, which like an alchemist he persistently sought to transform. He continually examined the concept of duality: contrasts between light and shadow, transparency and opacity, heaviness and weightlessness, materiality  and ethereality, form and spirit are repeatedly presented; the synthesis of geometric with organic forms, the range between abstraction and representation are constantly explored."
Laura Rosenstock, catalogue essay.


Slow Photography/Blue Transitions : Phenomenology of Visual Structures